Impedance & Delay Calculator
Calculate microstrip and stripline impedance, propagation delay, reflection coefficients, and via stub resonance in real time.
Microstrip Impedance
Calculate characteristic impedance of an outer-layer microstrip trace using the IPC-2141 empirical formula.
Stripline Impedance
Calculate characteristic impedance of an inner-layer stripline trace (between two ground planes).
Reflection Coefficient Calculator
Calculate the reflection coefficient at source and load discontinuities. A matched system has zero reflection.
Via Stub Resonance
Calculate the quarter-wave resonant frequency of a via stub. At this frequency, the stub acts as a short circuit and creates a notch in the insertion loss.